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A Change-of-Variable Formula with Local Time on Surfaces

by Goran Peskir
Research Reports Number 437 (April 2004)
Let X=(X1,,Xn) be a continuous semimartingale and let b:Rn1R be a continuous function such that the process bX=b(X1,,Xn1) is a semimartingale. Setting C={(x1,,xn)Rn|xn<b(x1,,xn1)} and D={(x1,,xn)Rn|xn>b(x1,,xn1)} suppose that a continuous function F:RnR is given such that F is Ci1,,in on ˉC and F is Ci1,,in on ˉD where each ik equals 1 or 2 depending on whether Xk is of bound variation or not. Then the following change-of-variable formula holds:
F(Xt)=F(X0)+\Bigsumni=1\Bigintt012\(Fxi(X1s,,Xns+)+Fxi(X1s,,Xns)\)dXis+\Bigsumni,j=1\Bigintt012\(2Fxixj(X1s,,Xns+)+2Fxixj(X1s,,Xns)\)dXi,Xjs+\Bigintt012\(Fxn(X1s,,Xns+)Fxn(X1s,,Xns)\)I(Xns=bXs)dbs(X)

where bs(X) is the local time of X on the surface b given by:

bs(X)=Plimϵ012ϵ\Bigints0I(ϵ<XnrbXr<ϵ)dXnbX,XnbXr

and dbs(X) refers to the integration with respect to sbs(X). The analogues formula extends to general semimartingales X and bX as well. A version of the same formula under weaker conditions on F is derived for the semimartingale (t,Xt,St)t0 where (Xt)t0 is an Itô diffusion and (St)t0 is its running maximum.

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