Diophantine exponents for mildly restricted approximation
by Yann Bugeaud and Simon Kristensen
Preprints
Number 9 (September 2007)
We are studying the Diophantine exponent μn,ℓ defined for integers 1≤ℓ<n and a vector α∈Rn by letting μn,ℓ=sup{μ≥0:0<|x_⋅α|<H(x_)−μ for infinitely many x_∈Cn,ℓ∩Zn}, where ⋅ is the scalar product and |⋅| denotes the distance to the nearest integer and Cn,ℓ is the generalised cone consisting of all vectors with the height attained among the first ℓ coordinates. We show that the exponent takes all values in the interval [ℓ+1,∞), with the value n attained for almost all α. We calculate the Hausdorff dimension of the set of vectors α with μn,ℓ(α)=μ for μ≥n. Finally, letting wn denote the exponent obtained by removing the restrictions on x_, we show that there are vectors α for which the gaps in the increasing sequence μn,1(α)≤⋯≤μn,n−1(α)≤wn(α) can be chosen to be arbitrary.
Published in Arkiv för Matematik, Volume 47, Number 2 / October, 2009, pp 243-266.